AQL in simple terms: how batches are accepted by quality
AQL is a sampling method that helps decide whether a batch is acceptable without checking every unit.
What AQL means
AQL sets how many units are sampled and how many defects can be accepted for a batch size and inspection level. It is a statistical decision tool, not a promise that every unit is perfect.
Defect classes matter
Critical, major and minor defects should be defined before inspection. One critical safety issue may fail a batch even if cosmetic defects are low.
Why the checklist comes first
The inspector needs objective criteria: product specs, approved sample, packaging rules, label files and functional tests. Without that, the report becomes opinion.
How to use the result
If the batch fails, use the report for negotiation: correction, rework, discount, reinspection or shipment hold.
Summary
AQL is most useful when the checklist and defect limits are agreed before the factory visit.
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